Insomnia is the most common sleep complaint. It is a persistent disorder that can make hard to fall asleep, hard to stay asleep or both, despite the opportunity to get a full night of sleep. It is the inability to get the amount of sleep you need to wake up feeling rested & refreshed. Insomnia commonly leads to daytime sleepiness, lethargy & general feeling of being unwell both mentally & physically. Although insomnia can affect people at any age, it is more common in adult females than adult males.Insomnia can be caused by psychiatric & medical
conditions, unhealthy sleep habits, specific substances, and/or certain
biological factors.
Medical Causes of Insomnia
There are many medical conditions (some mild & others
more serious) which lead to insomnia. In some cases, a medical condition itself
causes insomnia, while in others, symptoms of condition cause discomfort that
can make it difficult for person to sleep. These medical conditions include brain
lesions & tumors, stroke, chronic pain, chronic fatigue syndrome,
congestive heart failure, angina, acid-reflux disease (GERD), chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, sleep apnea, Parkinson's &Alzheimer's, hyperthyroidism, arthritis, etc.
Some medications such as those taken for high blood
pressure, heart disease, thyroid disease, birth control, asthma, &
depression also cause insomnia.
Psychological
Causes of Insomnia
People with mood disorders, such as bipolar disorder or
depression, as well as anxiety disorders or psychotic disorders are more likely
to have insomnia.
Insomnia can be triggered by your behaviors & sleep
patterns. Unhealthy lifestyles & sleep habits can create insomnia on their
own, or they can cause insomnia by another problem, which is worse. These
activities include vigorous exercise just before bedtime; big discussions or
arguments; & TV, computer, or video game use. Erratic sleep schedules like
work shifts and/or day napping can also disrupt a good night’s sleep.
Environmental
Factors
The environment where you sleep can also cause insomnia.
Disruptive factors such as noise, light or extreme temperatures can interfere
with sleep. Sleeping with a bed partner who snores also causes sleep
disruption. Extended exposure to environmental toxins & chemicals may
prevent you from being able to fall or stay asleep.
Insomnia & Food
Certain substances & activities, including eating
patterns, can contribute to insomnia. Alcohol is a sedative. It can make you
fall asleep initially, but may disrupt your sleep later in the night. Caffeine
is a stimulant, but excessive caffeine can cause insomnia. Caffeine can stay in
your system for as long as eight hours, so the effects are long lasting. If you
have insomnia, do not consume food or drinks with caffeine too close to
bedtime. Nicotine is also a stimulant & can cause insomnia. Smoking
cigarettes or tobacco products close to bedtime can make it hard to fall asleep
& to sleep well through the night.
The
Last Supper
Heavy meals close to bedtime can disrupt your sleep. It
can cause discomfort & make it hard for your body to settle & relax.
Spicy foods can also cause heartburn & interfere with your sleep. Some
people are sensitive to certain foods & may be allergic to them. This can often
result in insomnia & disrupted sleep.
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