Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer is a type of
cancer that begins in the ovaries. A woman has two ovaries, each on the side of
the uterus. These ovaries produce eggs, hormones such as estrogen, and
progesterone. Cancer in the ovaries often goes undetected until it has spread
within the pelvis and abdomen. Ovarian
cancer is more likely to be treated in the early stage successfully as the
disease is confined to the ovary but it is more difficult to be treated in later
stages. Surgery and chemotherapy are generally used to treat ovarian cancer.
There are more than 30 types of ovarian
cancer. These types of cancer are classified according to the type of cell from
which they start. A cancerous ovarian tumor starts from three common cell
types:-
• Germ Cells: - These cells are destined to form eggs.
• Surface Epithelium: – These cells
are covering the linings of the ovaries.
• Stromal Cells: - These cells release
hormones and connect the different structures of the ovaries.
Following are some of the types of Ovarian Cancer:-
1} Epithelial Ovarian Tumors
These ovarian tumors develop
from the cells that cover the outer surface of the ovary. Mostly these tumors
are benign. There are different types of benign epithelial tumors such as
mucinous adenomas, serous adenomas, and Brenner tumors.
2} Cancerous Epithelial Tumors
These tumors are carcinomas.
These tumors begin in the tissue that lines the ovaries. Cancerous epithelial
tumors are one of the most common and dangerous types of ovarian cancer.
3} Germ Cell Tumors
Generally, germ cell tumors are
benign but some of the tumors can be cancerous and life-threatening. Maturing
teratomas, dysgerminomas, and endodermal sinus tumors are the most common types
of germ cell tumors.
4} Stromal Tumors
Stromal tumors are the very
rare type of tumors. These tumors develop in connective tissue cells that hold
the ovary together and produce the female hormones such as estrogen, and
progesterone. Granulose -theca tumors and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors are the
most common types of Stromal tumors.
Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer
In early stage of ovarian
cancer, there are generally no symptoms as cancer progresses in the ovaries
following are some of the common symptoms that can occur:-
• Frequent and urgent need to urinate.
• Pain or discomfort in the abdomen or
pelvis.
• Difficulty in eating.
• Frequent bloating.
• Discomfort menstrual.
• Lower back pain.
• Constipation.
• Indigestion.
• Fatigue.
• Change in the menstrual cycle.
• Vaginal bleeding.
• Severe back pain.
Treatment for Ovarian Cancer
Treatment for ovarian cancer
depends on the type of cancer, its stage, overall health of the patient and
whether the patient wants to have children’s in future. The surgery is performed to
determine the stage of cancer and remove cancer. During surgery, an effort is
made to remove all cancerous tissue. Biopsies may also be taken to see if
cancer has spread.
If the patient wants to have
children and is suffering from stage I cancer then a surgery would include:
• Removing of abdominal and pelvic lymph
nodes.
• Removing of the cancerous ovary and a
biopsy of the other ovary.
• Removing of the fatty tissue that is
attached to some of the abdominal organs.
• Biopsy of other tissue and collection of
fluid in the abdomen.
Surgery for stage II, III, or IV cancer includes:-
• Removing of the omentum.
• Removing of the uterus.
• Removing of both the ovaries and fallopian
tubes.
• Removing of cancerous tissue as many
possible.
• Biopsies of any tissue that might be
cancerous.
Chemotherapy
The surgical procedure is
usually followed by chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is usually performed with the
aim of reducing the risk of cancer from coming back and reduces the size of
cancer that has been left. There are various side effects of chemotherapy some
of which are as follows:-
• Hair loss.
• Vomiting.
• Fatigue.
• Problems sleeping.
• Nausea.
Ovarian Cancer Treatment in India
Advance medical treatment for ovarian
cancer is available in India with the use of latest technology and equipment.
Cancer treatments are available in India at very moderate prices if compared to
any other country. Cancer treatments have huge success in India due to the
availability of highly skilled and experienced doctors in India. Travcure medical tourism company helps you find the
best surgeons in India to treat cancer. Consultants at Travcure help to find
the best deals for their patients at reasonable prices. Extensive variety of
services is offered by Travcure right from right from arranging medical
procedures to visits to exotic locations.
